In order to determine the characteristics of w, e, a, and i of a frozen orbit, one of the MGCO frozen orbits was examined in both a 6 x 0 and a 6 x 6 gravity field. Two of the three trajectories planned for the future Mars Geoscience/Climatology Orbiter (MGCO) are frozen orbits. A frozen orbit is an orbit whose time rate of change of the argument of the periapsis, the eccentricity, the semi major axis, or the angle of. This program proved to be highly reliable, and was used to carry out further analysis. Using these two models, a FORTRAN computer model named ASAP (Artificial Satellite Analysis Program) was analyzed for accuracy. Next, a model for the atmospheric drag was developed.

Chiles also contributed to the 2021 anthology, World Breakers, with Larry Correia and David Weber, and will be featur Patrick Chiles began his writing career with the self-published. First, the geopotential equation was derived for both spherical coordinates and the classical orbital elements. His subsequent novels, 2020’s Frozen Orbit and 2021’s Frontier, have established him as a rising talent in the realm of realistic, near-future science fiction. The objective of this study was to determine if other regions with characteristics similar to the known frozen orbits exist, taking into account the perturbative effects due to a 6 x 6 gravity field and atmospheric drag. Martian frozen orbits are known to exist for polar trajectories with altitudes from 300 km to 1000 km. A frozen orbit is an orbit whose time rate of change of the argument of the periapsis, the eccentricity, the semi major axis, or the angle of inclination (i) is approximately equal to zero.

Frozen orbit